Ankylosing Spondylitis

Info:Ankylosing spondylitis

Ankylosing spondylitis is a form of joint inflammation (arthritis) that is long-lasting (chronic) and most often affects the spine. Ankylosing spondylitis commonly causes pain and stiffness, with swelling and limited motion in the low back, middle back, neck, hips, chest wall, and heels. Over time, joints in the spine can fuse together and cause a fixed, bent-forward posture.
In early ankylosing spondylitis, there is inflammation of the joints and

of the ligaments where they attach near the joints.

 

In advanced ankylosing spondylitis, there is:
Fusion of joints in the spine.
Flattening of the normal curve in the low back.
Often a flattening of the normal curve of the neck, an increase in the forward curve of the upper back, and bent posture at the hips.

Other joints can become painful and stiff, including those in the shoulders, wrists, hands, knees, ankles, and feet.
Although it is unusual, ankylosing spondylitis can also cause changes such as thickening of the major artery (aorta) and the valve in the heart called the aortic valve. Scarring of the lungs also happens in rare cases. The kidneys and the digestive tract can also be affected.

Warning: Please dont completely rely on informations available online. Kindly consult your doctor if you have any health issues

Image taken from Healthsource

Space of Poirier

*Space of Poirier:

Diagram of arcuate ligament (greater arc, zone of fractures and dislocations),
lesser arc (zone of dislocations), and
space of Poirier (vulnerable zone between greater and lesser arcs),

superimposed on wrist radiograph.

>Fibers of radioscaphocapitate ligament (yellow) and
ulnocapitate ligament (purple) interdigitate and form an arclike ligamentous structure, termed the arcuate ligament, in the greater arc region (black line). Note lesser arc that outlines the lunate (dashed red line).
>The scapholunate ligament and lunotriquetral ligament are part of the lesser arc, which does not extend to the distal radius and ulna.

*{The space of Poirier (white arrows) is located between the lesser and greater arcs.}

Comment on the xray & the implantation done

It's an post op xray of kochs disease of C1,C2,C3 +AAD.
Titanium wire fixation done with an iliac grafting.

Evaluation of patients with musculoskeletal complaints from Harrison's principles

Approach:

1.Anatomic localization of complaint (articular vs nonarticular)
2.Determination of the nature of pathologic process (inflammatory vs noninflammatory)
3.Determination of the extent of involvement (monoarticular va polyarticular, focal, widespread)
4.Determination of chronology (acute vs chronic)
5.Consider the most common disorders first
6.Formulation of a differential diagnosis.

HALF MAN

HALF MAN The Story of Peng Shuilin In life we keep complaining about what is or why we don’t have. Half the time we seem dissatisfied, though full-bodied and free to choose. Fat people say,”I want to be slim.” Skinny people say,”I want to be fatter.” Poor people want to be rich and rich are never satisfied with what they have.PENG Shuilin is 78cms high. He was born in Hunan Province, China. In 1995, in Shenzhen, a freight truck sliced his body in half. His lower body and legs were beyond repairSurgeons sewed up his torso. Peng Shuilin, 37, spent nearly two years in hospital in Shenzhen, southern China, undergoing a series of operations to re-route nearly every major organ or system inside his body. Peng kept exercising his arms, building up strength, washing his face and brushing his teeth. He Survived against all odds. Now Peng Shulin has astounded doctors by learning to walk again after a decade.Considering Peng’s plight, doctors at the China Rehabilitation Research Centre in Beijing devised an ingenious way to allow him to walk on his own, creating a sophisticated egg cup-like casing to hold his body, with two bionic legs attached. It took careful consideration, skilled measurement and technical expertise. Peng has been walking the corridors of Beijing Rehabilitation Centre with the aid of his specially adapted legs and a resized walking frame. RGO is a precipitating gait orthosis, attached to a prosthetic socket bucket. There is a cable attached to both legs so when one goes forward, the other goes backwards. Rock to the side, add a bit of a twist and the leg without the weight on it advances, while the other one stays still, giving a highly efficient way of ambulation. Oh so satisfying to ‘walk’ again after ten years with half a body! Hospital vice-president Lin Liu said: “We’ve just given him a checkup; he is fitter than most men his age.” Peng Shuilin has opened his own bargain supermarket, called the Half Man-Half Price Store. The inspirational 37-year-old has become a businessman and is used as a role model for other amputees. At just 2ft 7ins tall, he moves around in a wheelchair giving lectures on recovery from disability. His attitude is amazing, he doesn’t complain. “He had good care, but his secret is cheerfulness. Nothing ever gets him down.”

Avoid these muscle mistakes

Gaining strength is easy when you first start hitting the gym. "Your muscles go through a learning process, so almost anything you do triggers growth," says Mike Boyle, ATC. "But eventually your muscles adapt and improvements level off, and you have to train smarter to see results." Hit the refresh button by purging your fitness plan of these common pitfalls.

Mistake 1: You don't train your legs
Most guys' workouts are top-heavy. A sign of true fitness is a muscular backside. The largest muscles, including the glutes, are in your lower body. Training them releases hormones that build size and strength everywhere else. Try this: The elevated back-foot split squat. Hold a bar across your upper back using an overhand grip. Assume a staggered stance, with your left foot forward and your right foot back and on a six-inch step. Lower your body as far as you can and then push back up to the starting position. Do 10 reps, switch legs and repeat. That's one set; do three.

Mistake 2: You run too much
Logging km isn't a total waste of time, but it's close. This is because your body adapts quickly to repetitive movement, and that's running in a nutshell. Plus, running doesn't activate your fast twitch muscle fibres, which are great fat burners and body builders. Try this: Intervals-short bursts of intense activity followed by active rest. Set a treadmill to an eight per cent incline and run for 30 seconds. Then rest for one minute. Do this 10 times. This type of training leads to gains in aerobic and anaerobic performance that are significantly greater than with steady-state cardio, according to a recent Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research study.

Mistake: 3 You lift too slowly
Explosive lifting leads to fast gains. It activates more fast-twitch muscle fibres, which have the greatest growth potential. So lift like you mean it. You'll also crank up your heart rate, inadvertently increasing the number of calories you burn. Try this: Do the lifting phase of each exercise as fast as possible. (The actual speed doesn't matter. As long as the movement is explosive, your body will recruit fast-twitch fibres.) Then take at least two seconds to lower the weight.

Mistake 4: You stay in a comfort zone
Professional athletes don't sharpen their game simply by working on their strengths-they also eliminate weaknesses. So should you. Try this: Perform compound exercises (that is, moves that target multiple muscles), like deadlifts, chinups and dips. They're some of the toughest exercises you can do, and you can't make serious gains without them. Boost your results with the instant exercise upgrade on this page.